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A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
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Changes in working memory performance in youth following concussion.

Stephanie L Green1, Michelle L Keightley2, Nancy J Lobaugh3

  • 1a University of Toronto , Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Toronto, Canada.

Brain Injury
|December 1, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Youth concussion impacts working memory (WM), with lower accuracy and more errors observed post-injury. False alarm errors may aid in acute concussion screening for working memory deficits.

Keywords:
Adolescentathletechildrencognitionconcussiontraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Concussion, a common brain injury in youth, can lead to persistent cognitive deficits.
  • Working memory (WM) is crucial for academic and daily functioning, and its impairment can significantly affect a child's recovery.
  • Understanding WM changes post-concussion is vital for effective diagnosis and rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare working memory (WM) performance in youth aged 10-14 years before and after a concussion.
  • To examine the relationship between WM performance changes and factors like symptom severity, time since injury, and age.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-one youth (10-14 years) completed verbal and non-verbal WM tasks pre- and post-concussion.
  • Performance was assessed using accuracy and error types (false alarms, misses).
  • Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon signed rank tests and matched-pairs rank biserial correlations.

Main Results:

  • Post-concussion, youth exhibited lower verbal WM accuracy and increased verbal and non-verbal false alarm errors.
  • Greater verbal WM miss errors were also noted post-concussion.
  • Younger age correlated with lower non-verbal WM accuracy and more false alarms; non-verbal misses linked to higher symptom scores and shorter time since injury.

Conclusions:

  • Concussion negatively impacts working memory performance in youth.
  • False alarm errors in WM tasks may serve as a valuable screening tool in the acute phase following concussion in pediatric populations.