Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein and Cell Adhesion Molecules Following Exercise Training

Elevated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and cell adhesion molecules are associated with inflammation and atherosclerosis. The role of exercise in circulating ox-LDL, enzyme mediators, and cell adhesion molecules are not clearly understood in obesity. As a randomized controlled design, 27 obese (BMI>30 kg/m²) sedentary men (N=13) and women (N=14) were randomly assigned to either an exercise (N=15) or a control (N=12) group. The exercise group performed a 60-min supervised treadmill exercise at moderate intensity (70% of HRmax) for 3 days per week for 4 weeks, while the control group did not exercise. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected before and after the study period to analyze serum lipids, lipoprotein-cholesterol, ox-LDL, 12- and 15-lipoxygenases, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Moderate-intensity exercise training lowered both ox-LDL (from 44.76±1.99 to 38.51±1.99 U/L, p=0.032) and MPO (from 31.48±2.20 to 23.09±2.20 ng/mL, p=0.010), without significantly altering body weight, other parameters of serum lipids and lipoproteins, or soluble cell adhesion molecules. Moderate intensity exercise training reduced the levels of ox-LDL and MPO, indicating a reduced risk for developing CVD and additional protection to the possible metabolic complications associated with obesity.