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Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import01:46

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import

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Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
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Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
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Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
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The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner
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Validation of a Mouse Model to Disrupt LINC Complexes in a Cell-specific Manner

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LINC complexes and nuclear positioning.

Yin Loon Lee1, Brian Burke1

  • 1Laboratory of Nuclear Dynamics and Architecture, Institute of Medical Biology, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, 138648, Singapore.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|December 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Linker of the Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex connects the nucleus to the cytoskeleton, enabling nuclear positioning and chromosome movement in eukaryotic cells. This review explores LINC complex roles in diverse cellular functions.

Keywords:
Cell migrationCytoskeletonKASH-proteinLINC complexNuclear envelopeSUN-domain

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In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic cells exhibit structural plasticity crucial for diverse functions, involving significant nuclear rearrangements.
  • Nuclear positioning and movement are fundamental processes observed across various organisms and developmental stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the Linker of the Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex in nuclear positioning and chromosome dynamics.
  • To highlight the LINC complex as a nexus of cytoskeletal interactions at the nuclear periphery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies of nuclear positioning and nucleocytoskeletal coupling.
  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms involving SUN and KASH proteins in LINC complex formation.

Main Results:

  • The nuclear periphery is a key site for cytoskeletal interactions regulating nuclear movement and force distribution.
  • LINC complexes, formed by SUN and KASH proteins, mediate nucleocytoskeletal coupling.
  • The LINC complex repertoire influences nuclear positioning and chromosome dynamics in various cellular contexts.

Conclusions:

  • LINC complexes are essential for coordinating nuclear behavior with cellular functions.
  • Understanding LINC complex dynamics provides insights into fundamental cellular processes and potential therapeutic targets.