Lung Cancer Screening in the Post-National Lung Screening Trial Era: Applying Screening in the Real World

The National Lung Screening Trial established a survival benefit for lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography. In the wake of this trial several international bodies now recommend lung cancer screening. However, three main questions remain unanswered: Who is the optimal population for screening? How often should they be screened? For how long should screening be continued? We examine the results of the available randomized trials to address these questions.