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UV-induced DNA-binding proteins in human cells.

P M Glazer1, N A Greggio, J E Metherall

  • 1Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

UV irradiation induces DNA-binding proteins in human cells. These proteins, crucial for DNA repair, are activated via modification rather than new synthesis after DNA damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Response to DNA Damage

Background:

  • DNA-damaging agents like UV light trigger cellular responses.
  • Understanding these responses is key to comprehending DNA repair mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize DNA-binding proteins induced in human cells following UV irradiation.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of induction for these DNA-binding proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Nuclear protein extracts from UV-irradiated HeLa cells were analyzed.
  • Electrophoresis and Southern blotting with radioactive DNA probes were employed to detect DNA-binding proteins.
  • The effect of metabolic inhibitors (cycloheximide, actinomycin D) was assessed.

Main Results:

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  • UV irradiation induced several DNA-binding proteins in HeLa cells.
  • Induced proteins exhibited specificity for double-stranded DNA or both double- and single-stranded DNA.
  • Induction was dose-dependent and peaked 18 hours post-irradiation (at 12 J/m2).
  • Metabolic inhibitors indicated that de novo protein synthesis is not required for induction.

    • Conclusions:

    • UV irradiation triggers the induction of specific DNA-binding proteins in human cells.
    • The induction mechanism appears to involve post-translational modification rather than new protein synthesis.
    • These findings shed light on cellular responses to DNA damage and potential repair pathways.