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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Frontal evoked γ activity modulates behavioural performance in Autism Spectrum Disorders in a perceptual simultaneity

David A Menassa1, Sven Braeutigam1, Anthony Bailey2

  • 1Oxford Human Brain Activity Centre, Department of Psychiatry, OX3 7JX & Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, OX3 9DU, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.

Neuroscience Letters
|December 2, 2017
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Summary

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show altered gamma-band activity, impacting their perception of simultaneity. These distinct neural profiles in ASD influence how they process simultaneous visual stimuli.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderEvoked phase-locked γ-oscillationsMagnetoencephalographyPerceptual simultaneity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by atypicalities in time perception.
  • Individuals with ASD often exhibit enhanced performance in perceptual simultaneity tasks compared to typically developing (TD) individuals.
  • Altered gamma-band (γ-activity) in the brain is a known marker in ASD, potentially linked to perceptual differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between γ-band phase-locking and perceptual simultaneity in individuals with ASD.
  • To explore neurophysiological differences in visual processing between ASD and TD individuals during a simultaneity judgment task.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized magnetoencephalography (MEG) with time-frequency analysis to assess evoked γ-band phase-locking.
  • Recorded brain activity from 16 individuals with ASD and 17 age-matched TD controls.
  • Participants performed a task judging the simultaneity of visual stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct left frontal γ-activity in individuals with ASD, correlated with a diminished perception of simultaneity.
  • Observed feature binding in parieto-occipital cortices in ASD for apparent simultaneity, but this did not predict behavioral accuracy.
  • Neurophysiological findings suggest atypical γ-band profiles in ASD related to simultaneity perception.

Conclusions:

  • Gamma-band activity patterns differ in individuals with ASD during simultaneity perception.
  • These distinct neural profiles may underlie the observed differences in time perception and visual processing in ASD.
  • Findings highlight specific γ-activity differences in ASD related to the perception of simultaneous events.