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Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

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Updated: Feb 17, 2026

A Silver Nanoparticle Method for Ameliorating Biliary Atresia Syndrome in Mice

A Silver Nanoparticle Method for Ameliorating Biliary Atresia Syndrome in Mice

Published on: October 13, 2018

Stable PEG-coated silver nanoparticles - A comprehensive toxicological profile.

Iulia Pinzaru¹, Dorina Coricovac¹, Cristina Dehelean¹

¹Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., Timisoara, 300041, Romania.

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

|December 2, 2017

Summary

This study assessed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) toxicity, finding low concentrations safe for human keratinocytes and mice. Coated AgNPs show potential as targeted nanocarriers for skin conditions.

Keywords:

Acute/subacute toxicity In vitro Mast cells Non-invasive techniques SKH-1 mice Silver nanoparticles

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Published on: January 15, 2018

Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Toxicology
Materials Science

Background:

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly used in biomedical applications.
Understanding the toxicological profile of AgNPs is crucial for safe application.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating can modify nanoparticle properties and biological interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of bare and PEG-coated AgNPs.
To characterize the physico-chemical properties of synthesized AgNPs.
To explore the potential of coated AgNPs as targeted nanocarriers for skin applications.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of bare and PEG-coated AgNPs using a modified Turkevich method.
In vitro toxicity assessment on human keratinocytes (HaCat cells).
In vivo acute/subacute toxicity tests in mice following intraperitoneal administration, including histological and biochemical analyses.

Main Results:

Synthesized AgNPs and PEG-AgNPs were stable, spherical, with hydrodynamic sizes of 19 nm and 50 nm, respectively.
Low concentrations (<10 μM) showed a dose-dependent safe profile for cell viability; higher concentrations induced mortality.
In vivo studies revealed no significant adverse health effects, biochemical alterations, or organ damage, with a noted decrease in skin mast cells.

Conclusions:

Bare and PEG-coated AgNPs exhibit a dose-dependent toxicity profile.
Coated AgNPs demonstrate a low toxicity level in vivo, suggesting safety for biomedical use.
PEG-coated AgNPs hold promise as targeted nanocarriers for treating skin pathologies and diagnostics.