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Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
Development of an interprofessional lean facilitator assessment scale.
Cindy Bravo-Sanchez1, Vincent Dorazio2, Robert Denmark3
1a Interdisciplinary Studies, Rutgers University School of Health Professions , Patterson , New York , USA.
A new tool, the Interprofessional Lean Facilitator Assessment Scale (ILFAS), was developed to assess facilitators of interprofessional collaborative practice and Lean quality improvement. Pilot testing showed high agreement, suggesting ILFAS effectively measures facilitator skills.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Quality Improvement
- Organizational Psychology
- Process Management
Background:
- High reliability is crucial for healthcare quality and safety.
- Interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) and Lean strategies enhance reliability but require skilled facilitation.
- A validated assessment tool for Lean facilitators in IPCP settings is currently lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and pilot evaluate the Interprofessional Lean Facilitator Assessment Scale (ILFAS).
- To create a tool measuring both technical and 'soft' skills of facilitators.
- To address the gap in validated assessment instruments for Lean facilitators in interprofessional contexts.
Main Methods:
- The ILFAS was developed using Lean/Shingo, IPCP, metacognition, and Bloom's Taxonomy principles.
- Expert panel confirmed initial face validity.
- Researchers assessed five facilitators across six Lean sessions, analyzing inter-rater agreement and usability via stakeholder feedback.
Main Results:
- High inter-rater agreement (92%) was observed in facilitator performance assessments.
- Face, content validity, and usability were established, with minor revisions made post-pilot feedback.
- The ILFAS demonstrated potential for discriminating between facilitators of varying skill levels.
Conclusions:
- The Interprofessional Lean Facilitator Assessment Scale (ILFAS) is a comprehensive tool for assessing facilitator knowledge, skills, and abilities.
- ILFAS shows promise in evaluating facilitators involved in Lean and interprofessional collaborative practice.
- Further research is recommended to fully explore the instrument's performance and validity in diverse healthcare settings.
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