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Breastfeeding trends in Singapore
S Chua1, O A Viegas, J J Counsilman
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Kent Ridge, Singapore.
Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Breastfeeding rates in Singapore have declined significantly since the 1950s, with socioeconomic status and education impacting initiation and duration. Cultural factors also influence breastfeeding practices among different ethnic groups.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Breastfeeding initiation and duration have declined in Singapore over the past 35 years.
- Current breastfeeding rates (60% for well-to-do, 36% for poor mothers) are significantly lower than in the 1950s-1960s (85-95% for well-to-do, 90% for poor mothers).
- Socioeconomic disparities in breastfeeding have evolved, with a pronounced initial decline among well-to-do mothers, followed by a recent narrowing of the gap.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in breastfeeding incidence and duration in Singapore.
- To investigate the influence of socioeconomic status, education, and ethnicity on breastfeeding practices.
- To understand the factors contributing to the decline in breastfeeding rates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of breastfeeding trends over approximately 35 years.
- Comparison of breastfeeding rates across different socioeconomic groups (well-to-do vs. poor).
- Examination of ethnic variations in breastfeeding practices (Chinese, Malay).
Main Results:
- A general decline in breastfeeding incidence and duration observed over 35 years.
- Significant differences in breastfeeding rates exist between socioeconomic groups, influenced by education.
- Ethnic variations noted, with Malays showing higher breastfeeding rates compared to Chinese, potentially due to cultural factors.
Conclusions:
- The overall decline in breastfeeding is linked to increasing affluence and Westernization.
- Educational differences play a crucial role in the variation of breastfeeding rates between socioeconomic groups.
- Cultural practices and beliefs influence ethnic differences in breastfeeding, with some groups better able to maintain traditional practices against modern trends.