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Liposomal and Deoxycholate Amphotericin B Formulations: Effectiveness against Biofilm Infections of Candida spp
Célia F Rodrigues1, Mariana Henriques2
1Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), LIBRO-Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. c.fortunae@gmail.com.
Background:
candidiasis is the primary fungal infection encountered in patients undergoing prolonged hospitalization, and the fourth leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. One of the most important Candida spp. virulence factors is the ability to form biofilms, which are extremely refractory to antimicrobial therapy and very difficult to treat with the traditional antifungal therapies. It is known that the prophylaxis or treatment of a systemic candidiasis are recurrently taken without considering the possibility of a Candida spp. biofilm-related infections. Therefore, it is important to assess the effectiveness of the available drugs and which formulations have the best performance in these specific infections.
Methods:
24-h-biofilms of four Candida spp. and their response to two amphotericin B (AmB) pharmaceutical formulations (liposomal and deoxycholate) were evaluated.
Results:
generally, Candida glabrata was the less susceptible yeast species to both AmBs. MBECs revealed that it is therapeutically more appealing to use AmB-L than AmB-Deox for all Candida spp. biofilms, since none of the determined concentrations of AmB-L reached 10% of the maximum daily dose, but both formulations showed a very good capacity in the biomass reduction.
Conclusions:
the liposomal formulation presents better performance in the eradication of the biofilm cells for all the species in comparison with the deoxycholate formulation.
Insights
Liposomal amphotericin B (AmB-L) demonstrated superior efficacy over deoxycholate amphotericin B (AmB-Deox) in eradicating Candida biofilms. AmB-L proved more therapeutically appealing for treating these challenging fungal infections.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Candidiasis is a significant fungal infection in hospitalized patients, ranking as the fourth leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections.
- Candida biofilms are critical virulence factors, presenting substantial challenges to conventional antimicrobial and antifungal therapies.
- Current treatment strategies often overlook biofilm-related Candida infections, necessitating an evaluation of drug efficacy and formulation performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effectiveness of two amphotericin B formulations against Candida spp. biofilms.
- To compare the performance of liposomal amphotericin B (AmB-L) and deoxycholate amphotericin B (AmB-Deox) in treating biofilm-related candidiasis.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 24-hour biofilms of four Candida species.
- Assessed the response of these biofilms to two amphotericin B formulations: liposomal (AmB-L) and deoxycholate (AmB-Deox).
Main Results:
- Candida glabrata exhibited the lowest susceptibility to both amphotericin B formulations.
- Liposomal amphotericin B (AmB-L) showed greater therapeutic potential than deoxycholate amphotericin B (AmB-Deox) for all tested Candida spp. biofilms.
- Both formulations effectively reduced biofilm biomass, with AmB-L concentrations remaining below 10% of the maximum daily dose.
Conclusions:
- The liposomal formulation of amphotericin B demonstrated superior performance in eradicating Candida biofilm cells compared to the deoxycholate formulation.
- Liposomal amphotericin B is a more promising therapeutic option for managing biofilm-related candidiasis.
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