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Injector design for liner-on-target gas-puff experiments.

J C Valenzuela¹, I Krasheninnikov¹, F Conti¹

¹Center for Energy Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|December 3, 2017

Summary

We designed a gas-puff injector for liner experiments using simulations and laser measurements. This system creates a dense, collimated gas target crucial for high-current plasma generators.

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Area of Science:

Plasma physics
Fusion energy research
High-energy-density physics

Background:

Liner-on-target experiments require precise gas targets for efficient energy transfer.
Optimizing gas profiles is critical for achieving desired plasma conditions in high-current generators.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and validate a novel gas-puff injector for liner-on-target experiments.
To achieve a highly collimated gas profile suitable for ~1-MA current generators.

Main Methods:

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to model the gas flow dynamics.
An annular supersonic nozzle was designed and optimized using CFD.
Line-integrated density measurements with a CW He-Ne laser were performed for experimental validation.
A snowplow model was employed to study plasma sheath acceleration in the coaxial plasma gun.

Main Results:

CFD simulations predicted a highly collimated gas profile (Mach 5) with a ~1 cm radius.
Density profiles were successfully characterized as a function of nozzle geometry, pressure, and gas composition.
Experimental measurements confirmed the CFD predictions for the liner gas density.
The design meets the theoretical requirements for ~1-MA current generators.

Conclusions:

The developed gas-puff injector design is suitable for liner-on-target experiments.
CFD simulations and experimental measurements provide a reliable method for injector design and characterization.
The injector provides a well-characterized gas target essential for efficient plasma generation in high-current applications.