Life satisfaction and longitudinal changes in physical activity, diabetes and obesity among patients with
Michèle Baumann1, Anastase Tchicaya2, Nathalie Lorentz2
1Research Unit INSIDE, Institute Health & Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Belval Campus, L-4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg. michele.baumann@uni.lu.
Insights
Cardiovascular risk factors like obesity and physical inactivity are linked to lower life satisfaction in patients. Managing diabetes also impacts life satisfaction, highlighting the need for patient-provider partnerships in healthcare.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Psychology
Background:
- Study surveyed cardiovascular disease patients undergoing coronary angiography.
- Assessed cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and life satisfaction (LS) longitudinally.
- Investigated relationships between LS, CVRF changes, and socioeconomic factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- Analyze associations between life satisfaction and changes in cardiovascular risk factors.
- Examine the impact of socioeconomic factors on life satisfaction in cardiac patients.
- Identify predictors of lower life satisfaction in individuals with cardiovascular disease.
Main Methods:
- 1289 patients completed questionnaires on CVRF and LS.
- LS dichotomized (≤7 vs. >7); logistic regression used.
- Longitudinal CVRF changes analyzed (no-no, no-yes, yes-no, yes-yes).
Main Results:
- Physical inactivity in 2008/09 and 2013/14 correlated with lower LS (OR=0.469).
- Obesity and physical inactivity in 2013/14 linked to reduced LS (mean ORs 0.587, 0.485).
- Diabetes in 2008 associated with LS decline, especially if less severe in 2013/14 (OR=0.462).
Conclusions:
- Lowest LS observed with current or new obesity/physical inactivity.
- Diabetes patients experiencing less severe disease in 2013/14 showed LS decline.
- Emphasizes 'Partners in Healthcare' for lifestyle adherence, CVRF reduction, and enhanced LS in secondary CVD prevention.
Background:
Patients with cardiovascular disease who underwent coronary angiography at the National Institute of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiological Intervention (INCCI) in Luxembourg were surveyed for cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, tobacco consumption). In 2013/14, their life satisfaction (LS) was also assessed. Our aim was to analyse the relationships between LS on one hand and longitudinal changes in CVRF between 2008/09 and 2013/14 and socioeconomic factors on the other.
Methods:
1289 patients completed a self-administered questionnaire. Life Satisfaction, originally recorded on a 1 to 10 scale of complete satisfaction was dichotomized into two groups: ≤ 7 and. >7. We then performed logistic multiple regressions. The event on which the probability was modelled, was LS > 7. Data were adjusted on age, sex and income. Longitudinal changes in CVRF were assessed by their presence or absence in 2008/09 and 2013/14 (categories: 'no-no'; 'no-yes'; 'yes-no'; 'yes-yes').
Results:
Physical activity in 2008/09 and 2013/14 was associated with a lower LS (OR = 0.469). The same pattern was observed for obesity and physical inactivity: lower LS was related to the presence of these risks (yes-yes; no-yes) in 2013/14 (mean OR for obesity and physical inactivity in 2013/14: 0.587 and 0.485 respectively), whereas their presence or absence in 2008/09 was not related to LS. Finally, patients who suffered from diabetes in 2008 were more likely to experience a decline in LS, particularly if their diabetes was less severe in 2013/14 (OR = 0.462).
Conclusions:
The lowest LS was observed when obesity or physical inactivity was present in 2013/14, newly or otherwise. The same trend was seen in diabetes among patients who had it in 2008/9, but were less severely affected in 2013/14. In secondary prevention, CVD-related upheavals could be minimised if professionals and patients became 'Partners in Healthcare' to better adhere to healthy lifestyles, as well as to reduce CVRF, and thereby enhance LS.
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