Static, Dynamic, and Fatigue Finite Element Analysis of Dental Implants with Different Thread Designs

In this study, we aimed to design an ideal dental implant with respect to stress and strain patterns on the surrounding cortical and cancellous bones. The effects of static loading on dental implants have been previously assessed, but the impact of dynamic loading and fatigue analysis has not been well studied. We evaluated static, dynamic, and fatigue behaviors of dental implants to fully understand the mechanism and acquire a more realistic perspective of the process. In this study, we analyzed three models of a tapered dental implant: model 1 had V-shaped threads; model 2 had microthreads in the upper area and V-shaped threads in the rest of the body; model 3 had reverse buttress threads in all areas. Two types of loading conditions were simulated in a finite element model, and stress and strain patterns in the surrounding bone were evaluated. Minimum von Mises stresses of cortical bone were recorded in model 2. The values for a 100-N load with a 25° angle were 44.5 and 47.4 MPa for static and dynamic analyses, respectively. Considering the obtained stress and strain patterns, we conclude that a tapered implant with microthreads in the upper area and V-shaped threads in the rest of the body is preferred for best uniform stress distribution in both static and dynamic analyses.