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Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance
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Trunk lean gait decreases multi-segmental coordination in the vertical direction.

Kazuki Tokuda1, Masaya Anan2, Tomonori Sawada1,3

  • 1Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University: 2-3 Kasumi 1-chome, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.

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Summary

Trunk lean gait effectively reduces knee adduction moment (KAM) but may impair multi-segmental coordination of center of mass (COM) vertical displacement, as shown by uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis.

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Center of massTrunk lean gaitUncontrolled manifold analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Gait Analysis

Background:

  • Trunk lean gait is a strategy to reduce knee adduction moment (KAM).
  • The impact of trunk lean on multi-segmental synergy control of center of mass (COM) displacement is not fully understood.
  • Uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis quantifies motor variability and synergy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of trunk lean gait on motor variability using UCM analysis.
  • To examine how trunk lean angle adjustments influence COM displacement synergy.
  • To assess the relationship between trunk lean, KAM, and COM control.

Main Methods:

  • Fifteen healthy adults walked under normal and trunk lean conditions.
  • UCM analysis was applied to COM displacement during the stance phase.
  • KAM was measured at the first peak during stance.

Main Results:

  • Trunk lean gait significantly reduced KAM compared to normal gait.
  • While mediolateral COM displacement variance increased, the synergy index remained unchanged.
  • A decreased synergy index for vertical COM displacement was observed during trunk lean gait.

Conclusions:

  • Trunk lean gait is an effective strategy for reducing knee adduction moment.
  • This gait modification may compromise multi-segmental movement coordination for COM control in the vertical plane.
  • Further research is needed to understand the trade-offs between KAM reduction and motor control strategies.