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Viral Hepatitis in Cambodia: Past, Present, and Future
Bun Sreng1, Chhith Sophal2, Sok Srun3
1Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Euroasian Journal of Hepato-Gastroenterology
|December 5, 2017
Summary
Cambodia faces high viral hepatitis rates, but hepatitis B in young children is declining due to widespread vaccination. Comprehensive national guidelines for viral hepatitis prevention and treatment are still needed.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cambodia has one of the world's highest rates of viral hepatitis.
- Hepatitis B prevalence in 5-year-olds is decreasing due to a successful national vaccination program.
- Key interventions are in place, but comprehensive national guidelines for viral hepatitis are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current status of viral hepatitis in Cambodia.
- To highlight existing interventions and identify gaps in care and treatment.
- To discuss the future outlook for viral hepatitis control in the country.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing public health data and interventions related to viral hepatitis in Cambodia.
- Analysis of vaccination coverage rates for Hepatitis B.
- Examination of diagnostic capabilities and treatment availability for viral hepatitis B and C.
Main Results:
- High vaccination coverage for Hepatitis B (87% at birth, 97% for HepB3 in 2014).
- Ongoing interventions include blood donor screening, infection control, programs for PWUDs/PWIDs, and public health measures.
- Diagnostic services are limited to national and provincial hospitals, with no specific antiviral therapies available.
Conclusions:
- While vaccination has reduced pediatric hepatitis B, viral hepatitis remains a significant public health issue in Cambodia.
- The absence of comprehensive national guidelines hinders effective prevention, care, and treatment strategies.
- Future efforts should focus on developing and implementing national guidelines and improving access to diagnostics and antiviral therapies.
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