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Heterochromatin

Heterochromatin

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...

Cell Lines

Cell Lines

A cell line is a population of cells grown in vitro that can be subcultured over several generations. Normal cells cease to divide after a certain number of cell divisions, a process known as replicative senescence. This number, called the Hayflick limit, was conceptualized by Leonard Hayflick in 1961 when he observed that fetal cells grown in culture could only divide 40-60 times. This limit is due to the shortening of the telomeres during each round of cell division, preventing cell division...

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Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Production of Tissue Microarrays, Immunohistochemistry Staining and Digitalization Within the Human Protein Atlas

Production of Tissue Microarrays, Immunohistochemistry Staining and Digitalization Within the Human Protein Atlas

Published on: May 31, 2012

The Human Cell Atlas.

Aviv Regev^1,2,3, Sarah A Teichmann^4,5,6, Eric S Lander^1,2,7

¹Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.

|December 6, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Human Cell Atlas Project aims to map all human cell types using molecular profiles. This initiative will create a comprehensive reference for studying health, development, and disease.

Keywords:

cell atlas cell biology computational biology human lineage mouse science forum single-cell genomics systems biology

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Area of Science:

Genomics
Cell Biology
Bioinformatics

Background:

High-throughput single-cell molecular profiling technologies have advanced significantly.
There is a growing scientific consensus to complete the 150-year-old goal of identifying all human cell types.

Purpose of the Study:

To define all human cell types by their unique molecular profiles.
To integrate molecular data with classical cellular descriptions (location, morphology).
To create an open reference map of healthy human cells.

Main Methods:

Utilizing high-throughput single-cell molecular profiling.
Analyzing gene expression profiles.
Connecting molecular data with cellular location and morphology.

Main Results:

Early proof-of-concept studies demonstrate feasibility.
Development of design considerations for the Human Cell Atlas.
Establishment of a commitment to open data, code, and community.

Conclusions:

The Human Cell Atlas will accelerate the study of physiological states and developmental trajectories.
It will provide a framework for understanding cellular dysregulation in human diseases.
An open and collaborative approach is central to the project's success.