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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Host-microbe interactions
  • Synthetic biology

Background:

  • Microbiomes significantly impact host health and fitness.
  • Current microbiome research is largely qualitative and taxonomy-driven.
  • Microbiome-associated phenotypes (MAPs) require a quantitative, trait-based investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel 'MAPs-first' approach for microbiome research.
  • To outline strategies for developing 'modular microbiomes'.
  • To facilitate targeted microbiome engineering for various applications.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative profiling of MAPs across genetically diverse hosts.
  • Identification of underlying genetic and microbial mechanisms.
  • Engineering synthetic microbial consortia ('modular microbiomes').

Main Results:

  • The MAPs-first approach enables quantitative analysis of microbiome functions.
  • Development of strategies for creating 'modular microbiomes'.
  • Integration of host and microbial traits for targeted engineering.

Conclusions:

  • The MAPs-first approach shifts microbiome research towards quantitative, trait-based investigations.
  • 'Modular microbiomes' offer a framework for engineering beneficial host-microbe interactions.
  • This approach has broad implications for agriculture, human/animal health, and biotechnology.