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Pertussis epidemiology prior to the introduction of a maternal vaccination program, Queensland Australia

L McHugh1, K A Viney2, R M Andrews1

  • 1Menzies School of Health Research,Charles Darwin University,Darwin,Northern Territory,Australia.

Epidemiology and Infection
|December 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Pertussis (whooping cough) disproportionately affects young infants. Baseline data show high notification rates in infants under one month and Indigenous infants, highlighting the need for maternal vaccination programs.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Pertussis (whooping cough) poses the greatest risk to infants too young for routine vaccination.
  • Understanding pre-vaccination program epidemiology is crucial for assessing intervention effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze pertussis epidemiology in Australia from 1997 to 2014 before the maternal vaccination program.
  • To identify high-risk populations for pertussis, including infants, childbearing-aged women, and Indigenous peoples.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis of 53,901 pertussis notifications.
  • Temporal trend analysis from 1997 to 2014.

Main Results:

  • Highest pertussis notification rates were observed in infants under 4 months, particularly those under 1 month (308/100,000).
  • Indigenous infants under 1 month had significantly higher rates (576/100,000).
  • Women aged 15-44 had higher notification rates than men, with Indigenous women showing disproportionately higher rates.

Conclusions:

  • Baseline data reveal critical vulnerabilities in infants and specific demographic groups.
  • Monitoring pertussis epidemiology in these at-risk populations is essential post-maternal vaccination program implementation to evaluate impact and safety.

Keywords:
Baselineepidemiologymaternal vaccination programnotificationspertussis

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