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The functional syndrome: linking individual trait variability to ecosystem functioning.

Allan Raffard1, Antoine Lecerf2, Julien Cote1

  • 1Laboratoire Evolution and Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, ENFA, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse 31062, France.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|December 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phenotypic variability in red-swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) involves stable response and effect traits forming a functional syndrome. This syndrome significantly impacts ecosystem processes like litter decomposition, comparable to population size changes.

Keywords:
biological invasionseco-evolutionary dynamicsecosystem functioningecosystem modellingfunctional traitsinterindividual variability

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Trait-based Ecology

Background:

  • Phenotypic variability is crucial for understanding organismal responses to ecological factors and their ecosystem effects.
  • Intraspecific covariation between response and effect traits remains understudied, limiting insights into how individual variation shapes ecological roles.
  • Functional traits offer a mechanistic framework to link organismal responses to ecosystem functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the covariation of response and effect traits within individuals of red-swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) over time.
  • To identify and characterize 'functional syndromes'—suites of correlated traits—at the intraspecific level.
  • To assess the ecological impact of variation in functional syndromes on ecosystem processes using a bioenergetic model.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal monitoring of individual red-swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) over nine months.
  • Application of a multi-trait approach to measure various response and effect traits.
  • Development and utilization of a bioenergetic model to simulate population-level effects on ecosystem processes.

Main Results:

  • Most measured response and effect traits exhibited partial stability throughout individual crayfish ontogeny.
  • Associated suites of traits formed distinct 'response syndromes' and 'effect syndromes'.
  • These syndromes were correlated, forming a cohesive 'functional syndrome' within individuals.
  • Simulations indicated that differences in functional syndrome composition could significantly alter whole-lake litter decomposition rates, comparable to doubling population size.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates the existence of functional syndromes at the intraspecific level in Procambarus clarkii.
  • Functional syndromes link individual phenotypic variation to significant ecosystem-level consequences.
  • Understanding these syndromes enhances our knowledge of phenotypic variation's ecological impacts and bridges ecosystem and evolutionary ecology.