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Inhaler technique: does age matter? A systematic review.

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Older adults make more errors using metered dose inhalers (MDIs) and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) than younger individuals. This systematic review found age-associated differences in inhaler technique errors, impacting asthma management.

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Older adults often exhibit suboptimal inhaler technique, leading to poorer asthma control.
  • Limited comparative research exists on inhaler technique differences between older adults and younger populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and compare the number and types of errors made in metered dose inhaler (MDI) and dry powder inhaler (DPI) techniques between older adult and younger cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across Embase, Medline, and PubMed (July 1–December 31, 2016).
  • Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria, with data extraction and quality assessment using validated checklists.
  • 14 relevant studies were identified and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A collective analysis indicated a negative correlation between increasing age and correct inhaler technique across various MDI and DPI devices.
  • Distinct differences in the types of errors were observed between older adults and younger individuals using MDIs.
  • Evidence supports age-related variations in both the quantity and nature of inhaler technique errors.

Conclusions:

  • Significant age-associated differences exist in inhaler technique error patterns for both MDIs and DPIs.
  • Further research is necessary to investigate outcomes with specific DPIs, assess reproducibility, and explore confounding factors.