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Changes in Predictive Task Switching with Age and with Cognitive Load.

Shelly Levy-Tzedek1,2

  • 1Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Department of Physical Therapy, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

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|December 8, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging and cognitive load impair predictive movement control. This skill is crucial for daily activities like driving and fall prevention.

Keywords:
aginganticipatory control of movementcognitive loadmotor controlnegative hysteresispredictive controlswitching costtask switching

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Area of Science:

  • Motor control
  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Human aging research

Background:

  • Predictive control of movement is more efficient than feedback-based control.
  • This predictive ability is vital for everyday tasks and is potentially affected by aging and cognitive demands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of age on predictive upper arm movement control.
  • To examine the effect of cognitive load on predictive movement control.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted with 63 participants controlling a cursor via arm movements.
  • Experiment 1 compared predictive control in young versus older adults.
  • Experiment 2 assessed the effect of cognitive load (serial subtraction) on predictive control in young adults.

Main Results:

  • Both aging and cognitive load significantly reduced the ability for predictive movement control.
  • In Experiment 1, 70% of young adults and 40% of older adults demonstrated predictive control.
  • In Experiment 2, predictive control decreased from 70% (no load) to 48% (cognitive load).

Conclusions:

  • Predictive motor control declines with age and under cognitive load.
  • This diminished predictive ability may impact everyday functions requiring anticipatory movement adjustments.
  • Maintaining predictive control is important for activities such as safe driving and fall prevention.