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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Phonemic verbal fluency and age: A preliminary study.

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  • 1Rehabilitation Sciences Post Graduation Program. Medical School of São Paulo University.

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Summary

Phonemic-verbal fluency (PVF) tests show stability across age, making them valuable for detecting cognitive changes in older adults. The /f/-/a/-/s/ and /p/ phonemes yield comparable results for verbal fluency assessment.

Keywords:
ageingcognitionevaluationverbal fluency

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Verbal fluency (VF) tests are widely used for cognitive assessment.
  • Phonemic-verbal fluency (PVF) is a variant less affected by age, making it suitable for elderly populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess age effects on PVF using /f/-/a/-/s/ and /p/ phonemes.
  • To compare item generation between traditional and modified PVF tests.
  • To examine associations between PVF, Token Test (TT), Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), and depressive symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 48 healthy adults aged 30-80 years.
  • Administered MMSE, TT, and PVF tests with /f/-/a/-/s/ and /p/ phonemes.

Main Results:

  • Age correlated with MMSE, TT, and depressive symptoms, but not PVF performance.
  • No significant difference in item generation between /f/-/a/-/s/ and /p/ phonemes.
  • Age significantly impacted overall performance among socio-demographic factors.

Conclusions:

  • The traditional FAS and modified /p/ phoneme PVF tests are interchangeable for clinical and research use.
  • PVF is a reliable tool for identifying cognitive alterations in aging individuals due to its age-stability.