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Charles Bonnet Syndrome: Case series.

Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki1, Leonel Tadao Takada2, Ricardo Nitrini3

  • 1Department of Psychobiology of Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.

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Summary

Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) involves visual hallucinations in individuals with preserved awareness. Recognition is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis, as treatment offers limited benefit.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS), first described in 1760, is characterized by visual hallucinations.
  • Key features include preserved awareness of the unreal nature of visions and absence of psychotic symptoms.
  • CBS can be associated with lesions anywhere in the central visual pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe patients diagnosed with CBS.
  • To conduct a literature review on Charles Bonnet syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of six patients with visual hallucinations in an outpatient memory clinic (2001-2008).
  • Recording of clinical characteristics for each patient.

Main Results:

  • Four female patients with a mean age of 74.5 years were studied.
  • Visual loss stemmed from either ocular disease (3 patients) or cerebral lesions (3 patients).
  • Visions varied (animals, persons, objects, forms) and were disturbing to most; treatment provided only partial benefit in three patients, with no complete recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Charles Bonnet syndrome is relatively rare.
  • Accurate recognition of CBS is vital to avoid misdiagnosis.
  • Misdiagnosis can occur with psychiatric or dementing illnesses.