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Meynert and the basal nucleus.

Eliasz Engelhardt1

  • 1Neurologist, Full Professor (retired), Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit -INDC-CDA/IPUB - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil.

Dementia & Neuropsychologia
|December 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
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Pioneering 19th-century studies by Meynert and Koelliker identified Meynert's basal ganglion and its role in brain function. Ongoing research highlights its significance in both healthy and diseased brains.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • History of Medicine

Background:

  • The "loop of the peduncular foot" and its ganglion were described by Meynert, linked to Reil's Substantia innominata and Gratiolet's Ansa peduncularis.
  • Koelliker renamed Meynert's ganglion, establishing the enduring term "Meynert's basal ganglion" and detailing its anatomical relationships.
  • Meynert, Koelliker, Reil, and Gratiolet were key 19th-century figures in studying basal forebrain structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of understanding Meynert's basal ganglion.
  • To highlight the contributions of 19th-century neuroanatomists to basal forebrain research.
  • To underscore the current significance of Meynert's basal nucleus in brain activity.

Main Methods:

  • Historical literature review of 19th-century neuroanatomical studies.
Keywords:
Ansa peduncularisGratioletKoellikerMeynertReilSubstantia innominatabasal nucleuscholinergichistorynucleus basalis

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of foundational descriptions of basal forebrain structures.
  • Synthesis of research evolution from 19th-century discoveries to 20th-century findings.

    • Main Results:

    • Meynert's initial descriptions and Koelliker's renaming established Meynert's basal ganglion.
    • Detailed topographical and cellular descriptions of the ganglion were provided by early researchers.
    • Subsequent 20th-century research confirmed the nucleus's critical role in brain function.

    Conclusions:

    • The foundational work on Meynert's basal ganglion by 19th-century scientists laid the groundwork for modern neuroscience.
    • Understanding the historical context of Meynert's basal nucleus is crucial for appreciating its role in neurobiology.
    • Meynert's basal nucleus remains a significant structure, vital in both normal brain function and pathological conditions.