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Argyrophilic grain disease: An underestimated tauopathy

Roberta Diehl Rodriguez1, Lea Tenenholz Grinberg2

  • 1MD, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group, LIM-22, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Dementia & Neuropsychologia
|December 8, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is a common tauopathy in centenarians, often causing cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Postmortem diagnosis reveals characteristic pathology, and AGD may protect against Alzheimer's disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is a frequent, under-recognized sporadic tauopathy.
  • Prevalence is high in centenarians (up to 31.3%).
  • Commonly presents as amnestic mild cognitive impairment with neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an in-depth review of the current understanding of Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD).
  • To highlight AGD's pathology, clinical manifestations, and potential role in neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD).
  • Analysis of pathological hallmarks: argyrophilic grains, oligodendrocytic coiled bodies, and neuronal pretangles.
  • Examination of co-occurrence with other neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.

Main Results:

  • AGD diagnosis is confirmed postmortem by specific pathological findings.
  • AGD frequently co-exists with Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative pathologies.
  • Emerging evidence suggests AGD may confer protection against Alzheimer's disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is a significant neuropathological entity, particularly in the elderly.
  • Understanding AGD is crucial for accurate diagnosis and comprehending its interaction with other neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Further research into AGD's protective mechanisms could offer new therapeutic insights.
Keywords:
argyrophilic grain diseasedementianeurodegenerative diseasespathologypostmortemtauopathies

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