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Related Concept Videos

Dementia01:30

Dementia

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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Vitamin D and Dementia.

T J Littlejohns1, K Kos, W E Henley

  • 1Dr. David J. Llewellyn, University of Exeter Medical School, College House, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK, EX1 2LU, david.llewellyn@exeter.ac.uk.

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer'S Disease
|December 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low vitamin D levels are linked to a higher dementia risk, especially in older adults. More research, including large trials, is needed to confirm if vitamin D supplements can prevent cognitive decline.

Keywords:
Vitamin Dcognitive declinedementianeuroimaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is common in the elderly.
  • Low vitamin D is a potential risk factor for dementia.
  • Vitamin D has neuroprotective and procognitive roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence linking vitamin D levels to dementia.
  • To explore the potential mechanisms involved.
  • To assess the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for dementia prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of observational studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal).
  • Analysis of neuroimaging and interventional studies.
  • Evaluation of methodological limitations in existing research.

Main Results:

  • Consistent association between low vitamin D and increased dementia/cognitive decline risk.
  • Vitamin D deficiency linked to Alzheimer's disease hallmarks.
  • Interventional studies show mixed results due to methodological flaws.

Conclusions:

  • Low vitamin D is associated with dementia pathogenesis.
  • Further large-scale, randomized controlled trials are essential.
  • Investigating vitamin D supplementation for dementia prevention in deficient individuals is warranted.