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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Rising opioid use and deaths over two decades.
  • Increased opioid prescribing for surgical patients.
  • Need to understand post-discharge opioid consumption patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Characterize post-discharge opioid consumption in surgical patients.
  • Compare opioid consumption to opioid prescriptions.
  • Assess pain control and unused opioid disposal.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases.
  • Included 11 patient survey studies.
  • Analyzed data from 3525 surgical patients.

Main Results:

  • Majority of patients consumed ≤15 opioid pills post-discharge.
  • Opioid utilization ranged from 5.6% to 59.1%.
  • Most patients were satisfied with pain control; 70% kept excess opioids.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical patients use less opioid than prescribed.
  • Lack of awareness regarding proper disposal of unused opioids.
  • Need for provider education and clinical guidelines on opioid prescribing.