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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

21.0K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

24.6K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Properties of Organometallic Compounds01:23

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

1.7K
Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

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Low temperature ionic conductor: ionic liquid incorporated within a metal-organic framework.

Kazuyuki Fujie1,2, Kazuya Otsubo2, Ryuichi Ikeda2,3

  • 1R&D Center Kagoshima , Kyocera Corporation , 1-4 Kokubuyamashita-cho , Kirishima-shi , Kagoshima 899-4312 , Japan .

Chemical Science
|December 9, 2017
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Summary

This study introduces a novel electrolyte for low-temperature batteries. By incorporating ionic liquids (ILs) into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), conductivity is maintained at temperatures where traditional ILs freeze.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising electrolytes for electrochemical devices due to their safety.
  • IL conductivity significantly drops at low temperatures because of ion interactions and freezing.
  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can host and confine ILs, potentially altering their dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ionic conductivity of an ionic liquid confined within a metal-organic framework at low temperatures.
  • To explore the potential of MOF-IL composites as electrolytes for low-temperature electrochemical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of the EMI-TFSA (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide) IL within the ZIF-8 (Zn(MeIM)2) MOF.
  • Measurement of ionic conductivity of both bulk EMI-TFSA and the EMI-TFSA@ZIF-8 composite across a range of temperatures.
  • Analysis of phase transitions and ion dynamics within the confined IL system.

Main Results:

  • Bulk EMI-TFSA exhibited a sharp decrease in ionic conductivity due to freezing below 250 K.
  • The EMI-TFSA@ZIF-8 composite showed no significant conductivity drop, indicating the absence of a phase transition.
  • Ionic conductivity of EMI-TFSA@ZIF-8 was higher than that of bulk EMI-TFSA at temperatures below 250 K.

Conclusions:

  • Confining ionic liquids within MOFs prevents freezing and maintains ionic conductivity at low temperatures.
  • This MOF-IL composite approach offers a novel strategy for designing advanced electrolytes for low-temperature batteries.
  • The findings pave the way for developing electrochemical devices capable of operating efficiently in cold environments.