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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires01:18

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires

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Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
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Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire01:28

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

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Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
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Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

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A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Topological Majorana Two-Channel Kondo Effect.

Zhi-Qiang Bao1, Fan Zhang1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|December 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals a topologically protected two-channel Kondo effect in a superconductor, enabling control over transport through a single lead. This finding offers new avenues for topological quantum computing and condensed matter physics research.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Topological superconductivity
  • Quantum transport phenomena

Background:

  • One-dimensional time-reversal-invariant topological superconductors possess Majorana Kramers pairs at their ends.
  • Time-reversal symmetry in these systems acts as a supersymmetry, influencing local fermion parity.
  • Understanding transport anomalies in such systems is crucial for exploring exotic quantum phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transport anomaly in a one-dimensional time-reversal-invariant topological superconductor.
  • To demonstrate the realization of a topologically protected two-channel Kondo effect.
  • To explore the control of quantum transport via external leads.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a topological superconductor system tunnel-coupled to normal leads.

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  • Analysis of electrical transport measurements.
  • Theoretical modeling of the Kondo effect in the topological superconductor.

    • Main Results:

    • A topologically protected, channel-symmetric, two-channel Kondo effect is realized without fine-tuning.
    • Nonlocal teleportation effects vanish in this configuration.
    • A single lead can telecontrol the universal transport through the other end.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates a novel, robust quantum effect in topological superconductors.
    • This system offers a platform for tunable quantum transport and potential applications in quantum information.
    • The findings highlight the interplay between topology, symmetry, and quantum criticality.