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Diabetic gastroparesis.

David W Clark, Thomas V Nowak

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    Diabetic gastroparesis affects up to 30% of long-standing diabetes mellitus patients. This review covers suspicion, diagnosis, exacerbating factors, and therapeutic options for this common complication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Endocrinology
    • Diabetology

    Background:

    • Gastroparesis is a common complication of diabetes mellitus.
    • Up to 30% of patients with long-standing diabetes may exhibit symptoms.
    • Many patients remain asymptomatic despite having the condition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline when to suspect diabetic gastroparesis.
    • To identify optimal diagnostic tests for gastroparesis.
    • To discuss factors that exacerbate the condition and therapeutic interventions.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and clinical expertise synthesis.
    • Discussion of diagnostic criteria and imaging modalities.
    • Evaluation of current and emerging treatment strategies.

    Main Results:

    • Diabetic gastroproparesis should be suspected in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms.
    • Gastric emptying studies are key diagnostic tools.
    • Management involves dietary changes, prokinetic agents, and potentially surgery.

    Conclusions:

    • Early recognition and diagnosis of diabetic gastroparesis are crucial.
    • A multimodal approach combining lifestyle, medication, and surgical options offers the best outcomes.
    • Further research into novel therapeutic targets is warranted.