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Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
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Starch-metal complexes and metal compounds.

Hanna Staroszczyk1, Wojciech Ciesielski2, Piotr Tomasik3

  • 1Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
|December 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Metal derivatives of starch, including covalently bound and complexed forms, are gaining interest. This study details their preparation, structure, properties, and diverse applications.

Keywords:
Werner complexescapillary complexeshelical complexesinclusion complexespolysaccharidessorption complexes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Metal derivatives of starch have recently garnered significant attention.
  • These derivatives can be formed through covalent bonding or complexation with metal atoms or metal-carrying moieties.
  • Starch metal complexes exhibit various types, including Werner, inclusion, sorption, and capillary complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the preparation, structure, and properties of starch metal derivatives.
  • To explore the numerous current and potential applications of these compounds.
  • To highlight the benefits associated with the formation and utilization of starch metal complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of starch metal derivatives.
  • Analysis of different types of starch metal complexes (Werner, inclusion, sorption, capillary).
  • Evaluation of material properties and application potential.

Main Results:

  • Detailed presentation of the preparation and structural characteristics of starch metal derivatives.
  • Comprehensive overview of their diverse properties.
  • Identification of numerous existing and prospective applications.

Conclusions:

  • Starch metal derivatives represent a versatile class of compounds with significant potential.
  • Their varied structures and properties enable a wide range of applications.
  • Further research into these materials promises valuable advancements.