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Related Concept Videos

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules01:15

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules01:10

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Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
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Destabilization of Microtubules01:45

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The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
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Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)01:42

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Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are widespread across different organisms and have conserved protein motifs, like the multi-TOG domain for tubulin binding found in the CLASP family of MAPs. Some MAPs are lineage-specific based on their conserved domains. Their functions depend upon the cytoskeletal architecture and cell type they are located within. In-plant cells, a specific...
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Microtubule Formation01:23

Microtubule Formation

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
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Microtubule Instability02:17

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Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Quantitative Microtubule Fractionation Technique to Separate Stable Microtubules, Labile Microtubules, and Free Tubulin in Mouse Tissues
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Recent advances in microtubule-stabilizing agents.

Ya-Nan Cao1, Ling-Li Zheng2, Dan Wang3

  • 1Agronomy College, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
|December 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Microtubule stabilizing agents (MSAs) are promising anticancer drugs that target dynamic cell division structures. This review details natural MSAs, their synthesis, and therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
ChemotherapyEpothiloneMicrotubule-stabilizing agentsPaclitaxelStructure-activity relationshipTaccalonolideTubulin

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mitotic spindle microtubules are crucial targets for anticancer therapies.
  • Microtubule-targeted drugs are classified as microtubule destabilizing agents (MDAs) or microtubule stabilizing agents (MSAs).
  • Paclitaxel research has driven the discovery and development of numerous promising anticancer compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review natural sources, structural characteristics, mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationships (SAR), and chemical synthesis of MSAs.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential and developmental prospects of various MSAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of natural sources of MSAs.
  • Analysis of structural features and mechanisms of action.
  • Examination of SAR and chemical synthesis strategies.
  • Discussion of application prospects and development of anticancer compounds.

Main Results:

  • Identified numerous MSAs from natural sources, including paclitaxel, epothilones, taccalonolides, and others.
  • Detailed the structural diversity and distinct mechanisms of action of these MSAs.
  • Summarized SAR studies and synthetic approaches for developing novel MSAs.
  • Highlighted the significant therapeutic potential of these compounds.

Conclusions:

  • MSAs represent a vital class of anticancer agents with diverse natural origins and synthetic possibilities.
  • Continued research into MSAs holds significant promise for advancing cancer therapy.
  • Understanding SAR and synthesis is key to optimizing the development of novel microtubule-targeting drugs.