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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

7.9K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
7.9K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
05:41

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

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Thyroid screening.

Marion B Brody, Rita A Reichard

    Postgraduate Medicine
    |December 12, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    The new ultrasensitive third-generation thyrotropin (TSH) assay is the gold standard for thyroid testing. This review guides screening, abnormal result follow-up, and treatment decisions for subclinical thyroid disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • The third-generation thyrotropin (TSH) assay is the current gold standard for assessing thyroid function.
    • Accurate TSH measurement is crucial for diagnosing and managing thyroid disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline appropriate screening protocols using the ultrasensitive TSH assay.
    • To provide guidance on further investigations for abnormal TSH results.
    • To define criteria for treating patients with subclinical thyroid disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Discussion of current clinical guidelines and expert opinion.
    • Presentation of an algorithm for thyroid screening and management.
    • Review of diagnostic criteria for thyroid dysfunction.

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
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    Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

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    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 17, 2026

    Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
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    Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

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    Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
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    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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    Main Results:

    • The ultrasensitive TSH assay offers improved sensitivity for detecting thyroid abnormalities.
    • An algorithm is proposed to standardize the approach to thyroid screening and abnormal results.
    • Criteria for initiating treatment in subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are discussed.

    Conclusions:

    • The ultrasensitive TSH assay is a valuable tool for thyroid screening.
    • A systematic approach is necessary for interpreting abnormal TSH levels and managing subclinical thyroid disease.
    • The provided algorithm aims to optimize patient care and resource utilization in thyroid testing.