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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Personalized Needles for Microinjections in the Rodent Brain

Personalized Needles for Microinjections in the Rodent Brain

Published on: January 24, 2018

Injecting Instructions into Premotor Cortex.

Kevin A Mazurek¹, Marc H Schieber²

¹Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.

|December 12, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) in the premotor cortex (PM) can instruct learned movements, even at low amplitudes. This offers a new way to inject information into the nervous system for motor control.

Keywords:

conditional association grasping intracortical microstimulation learning manipulation premotor cortex primary motor cortex primary somatosensory cortex reaching

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Brain-Computer Interfaces

Background:

The premotor cortex (PM) integrates visuospatial information for motor planning.
Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) in PM can evoke complex movements when parameters are sufficient.
Previous research focused on high-amplitude stimulation for movement evocation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if low-amplitude ICMS in PM can convey movement instructions.
To determine if these instructed movements can be learned through arbitrary associations.
To explore a novel method for information injection into the nervous system.

Main Methods:

Utilized low-amplitude ICMS in the premotor cortex (PM) at various loci.
Stimulation parameters were insufficient to evoke direct muscle activity.
Trained subjects to associate arbitrary stimulation locations with specific reach, grasp, and manipulate movements.

Main Results:

Low-amplitude ICMS at specific PM locations evoked distinguishable sensory experiences.
Subjects learned to associate these arbitrary stimulation sites with distinct instructed movements.
This demonstrates that PM can be used to convey learned motor commands via ICMS.

Conclusions:

Low-amplitude ICMS in the PM can serve as a channel for learned motor instructions.
Arbitrary associations between stimulation loci and movements are possible.
This technique offers a novel approach for bidirectional communication with the nervous system for motor control.