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[Infection of the sperm in male sterility]
1Service d'Andro-Urologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris.
Abstract:
Sperm infection is a classic cause of infertility. But, it cannot be considered without a minimum of precautions. First, infection of the sperm must be proven (presence of altered leucocytes, even higher than 10(5) or 10(6)/ml is not sufficient). What are the consequences of sperm infection? For many germs, especially chlamydiae and mycoplasma, the effect on sperm is not recognized or demonstrated. Once the infection is recognized, an etiology must be found: unrecognized chronic urethritis, prostatitis and/or chronic vesiculitis, chronic epididymitis. The infection must be adequately treated: according to the germ, according to the results of the resistance to antibiotics, according to the etiology. The author concludes that a true sperm infection is very rare; but it must be looked for as soon as it is suspected, especially in patients with a recent history of genital infection. Therefore an effective treatment of infertility is possible.
Insights
Sperm infection, a potential cause of infertility, requires careful diagnosis. While rare, prompt identification and targeted treatment of true sperm infections can lead to effective infertility management.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Urology
Context:
- Sperm infection is a recognized factor contributing to male infertility.
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial, as elevated white blood cell counts alone are insufficient proof.
- The specific impact of many common pathogens, like chlamydiae and mycoplasma, on sperm quality remains unclear.
Purpose:
- To outline the diagnostic criteria for sperm infection.
- To identify potential underlying causes of sperm infection, such as chronic urethritis, prostatitis, or epididymitis.
- To emphasize the importance of etiological and antibiotic sensitivity-guided treatment for successful infertility management.
Summary:
- True sperm infection is rare but must be investigated when suspected, particularly in patients with a history of genital infections.
- Diagnosis requires more than just elevated leukocyte counts; confirmation of infection is necessary.
- Effective treatment hinges on identifying the causative agent and its antibiotic resistance profile, alongside addressing the root cause.
Impact:
- Highlights the rarity of true sperm infections, guiding clinicians to avoid unnecessary interventions.
- Emphasizes the need for precise etiological diagnosis and tailored antibiotic therapy for managing infertility linked to infection.
- Suggests that a systematic approach can lead to successful infertility treatment in specific cases.