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A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
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Related Experiment Video

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A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
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Complement Coercion: The Joint Effects of Type and Typicality.

Alessandra Zarcone1, Ken McRae2, Alessandro Lenci3

  • 1Department of Computational Linguistics, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany.

Frontiers in Psychology
|December 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how the brain processes sentences with unexpected meanings, like "begin a book" implying "writing." Both the object

Keywords:
complement coercionexpectation generationsemantic typesentence comprehensionthematic fit

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Complement coercion occurs when a verb clashes with its object, triggering a hidden event.
  • Previous research focused on object type and event typicality, but not subject-object typicality's effect on aspectual verbs.
  • Aspectual verbs like 'begin' are crucial for understanding event structure in sentences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of subject-object typicality on processing aspectual verbs during complement coercion.
  • To examine the interaction between semantic type and subject-object typicality in sentence processing.
  • To test an expectation-based model of language comprehension.

Main Methods:

  • A self-paced reading study was conducted using German sentences.
  • Semantic type (event vs. entity) and subject-object typicality were manipulated.
  • Reading times at the aspectual verb were measured by exploiting German word order.

Main Results:

  • A significant interaction was found between semantic type and subject-object typicality at the aspectual verb.
  • Processing difficulty was modulated by the typicality of the subject-verb-object combination.
  • Expectations about upcoming linguistic input are probabilistically guided by both type and typicality.

Conclusions:

  • Complement coercion processing is influenced by both the semantic type of the object and the typicality of the subject-object pairing.
  • Language comprehension relies on rapid, probabilistic expectations integrating linguistic and world knowledge.
  • The findings support an expectation-based view of language processing and complement coercion.