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Cardiovascular disease among patients with type 2 diabetes: Role of Homocysteine as an inflammatory marker

Ashok Sahu, Trapti Gupta, Arvind Kavishwar

    Ukrainian Biochemical Journal
    |December 12, 2017
    PubMed

    Insights

    In type 2 diabetes patients, elevated homocysteine and inflammatory markers are linked to cardiovascular disease, particularly when kidney function is impaired. Impaired renal function significantly impacts homocysteine levels.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Inflammation is implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathogenesis, and inflammatory markers aid risk prediction.
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with thrombotic events (blood clots, heart attacks, strokes), but its independent role in CVD is uncertain.
    • Type 2 diabetes is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of homocysteine in type 2 diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease.
    • To evaluate the association between homocysteine, inflammatory markers, and renal function in this population.

    Main Methods:

    • A study population of 100 type 2 diabetes patients from Madhya Pradesh, India, was divided into two groups: 50 with angiographically proven CVD and 50 without.
    • Serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and lipoprotein (a) were measured.
    • Plasma homocysteine and blood glucose, whole blood glycated hemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and urine albumin excretion rate and creatinine clearance rate were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Significantly elevated levels of homocysteine and other inflammatory markers were observed in patients with cardiovascular disease (Group II).
    • A positive correlation was found between hyperhomocysteinemia, inflammatory markers, and impaired renal function.
    • Renal function impairment was identified as a key determinant of homocysteine levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperhomocysteinemia and elevated inflammatory markers are associated with cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patients.
    • Impaired renal function plays a crucial role in elevating homocysteine levels.
    • These findings highlight the interplay between metabolic, inflammatory, and renal factors in CVD pathogenesis in diabetic individuals.

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