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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Visualizing Visual Adaptation
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Perception and misperception of surface opacity.

Phillip J Marlow1, Juno Kim2, Barton L Anderson1

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Sydney, Australia; phillip.marlow@sydney.edu.au barton.anderson@sydney.edu.au.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The visual system uses the relationship between light intensity and surface orientation to determine if a surface is opaque or translucent. Manipulating this relationship can create illusions of opacity or translucency.

Keywords:
3D shapematerial perceptionreflectancetranslucencyvisual perception

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Computational neuroscience
  • Image analysis

Background:

  • Distinguishing scene structure relies on identifying physical light sources.
  • Opaque surfaces reflect light, covarying with orientation; translucent materials transmit light, not covarying.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the visual system uses covariation between surface orientation and intensity as a cue for surface opacity.
  • To understand how the visual system differentiates between opaque and translucent materials.

Main Methods:

  • Manipulating luminance gradient contrast and associated surface geometries.
  • Assessing the impact of these manipulations on perceived surface opacity/translucency.

Main Results:

  • Identical luminance gradients were perceived as opaque or translucent based on luminance-orientation relationships.
  • Illusory translucency emerged when opaque surfaces lacked orientation-intensity covariation in diffuse light fields.
  • Illusory opacity occurred with transparent materials in light fields promoting orientation-intensity covariation.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived opacity and translucency depend on the covariation between luminance and 3D surface orientation.
  • Discrepancies between perceived and physical properties of materials arise from these visual cues.
  • 3D shape representation is crucial for computing perceived surface opacity and translucency.