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Exploring process variables through which acceptance-based behavioral interventions may improve weight loss

J Lillis1, J G Thomas1, H M Niemeier2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University/The Miriam Hospital Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, RI, USA.

Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science
|December 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acceptance-Based Behavioral Intervention (ABBI) showed better weight change than standard behavioral treatment (SBT), but process variables did not fully explain the difference. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind ABBI

Keywords:
Acceptanceavoidanceobesityrandomized trialvaluesweight loss

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral science
  • Obesity research
  • Psychological interventions

Background:

  • Previous research indicated Acceptance-Based Behavioral Intervention (ABBI) led to greater weight loss than standard behavioral treatment (SBT) in individuals with high internal disinhibition.
  • Understanding the underlying mechanisms and process variables is crucial for explaining these observed differences in weight management outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine process variables that may mediate or explain the differential weight change observed between ABBI and SBT.
  • To compare the effectiveness of ABBI and SBT on specific process measures hypothesized to influence weight loss.

Main Methods:

  • 162 adults with overweight or obesity were randomized to either ABBI or SBT, receiving identical calorie and exercise targets.
  • Both interventions included self-monitoring skills training, with SBT addressing problematic thoughts/emotions and ABBI using acceptance-based techniques.
  • Process measures and weight change outcomes were analyzed using mixed-effects models and correlational analyses.

Main Results:

  • Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in process variables over time.
  • The ABBI group showed significantly greater improvement in values-consistent behavior compared to SBT, but this did not mediate weight change.
  • Exploratory analyses suggested a weaker association between process variable changes and weight change in ABBI compared to SBT post-treatment.

Conclusions:

  • While both interventions improved process variables, significant differences between groups were minimal, failing to adequately explain the weight change disparities.
  • The study highlights the need for future research to fully elucidate the mechanisms driving the superior weight loss outcomes associated with ABBI.