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Symmetric Dimethylarginine in Cats with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Diabetes Mellitus

R Langhorn1, I N Kieler1, J Koch1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|December 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is a marker for feline chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study found that cats with diabetes mellitus had lower SDMA levels than healthy cats, which is important for monitoring kidney function.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is an emerging biomarker for early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats.
  • The impact of common feline comorbidities, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and diabetes mellitus (DM), on SDMA levels is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and diabetes mellitus (DM) on serum SDMA concentrations in cats.
  • To determine if these comorbidities affect SDMA levels independently of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 94 cats: 17 with CKD, 40 with HCM, 17 with DM, and 20 healthy controls.
  • Evaluations included clinical examination, echocardiography, ECG, blood pressure, CBC, biochemistry, thyroxine, and SDMA measurement. Urinalysis was performed in relevant groups.
  • Statistical analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and a random forest algorithm to compare SDMA data and identify influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • Cats with CKD showed significantly higher serum SDMA (19 μg/dL) compared to healthy controls (10 μg/dL).
  • Cats with diabetes mellitus (DM) exhibited significantly lower serum SDMA (7 μg/dL) than controls.
  • Serum SDMA concentrations in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) were not significantly different from healthy controls.

Conclusions:

  • Serum SDMA is a reliable indicator of CKD in cats.
  • Diabetes mellitus in cats is associated with significantly lower SDMA concentrations, a factor to consider when assessing renal function in these patients.
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy does not appear to significantly alter serum SDMA levels in cats.
Abstract

Keywords:
BiomarkerCardiologyCompanion animalsEndocrinology

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