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Perfluorocarbon in Delayed Recompression with a Mixed Gender Swine Model of Decompression Sickness.

William A Cronin, Aaron A Hall, Charles R Auker

    Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance
    |December 14, 2017
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    Summary

    Perfluorocarbons (PFC) did not improve survival rates for decompression sickness (DCS) in swine. While safe in recompression therapy, PFC treatment showed lower survival in female swine compared to males.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Physiology
    • Aerospace Medicine

    Background:

    • Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are gas-dissolving fluorinated hydrocarbons with potential applications in treating decompression sickness (DCS).
    • Previous research has not evaluated PFC efficacy and safety in a mixed-gender model for DCS and recompression therapy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the efficacy and safety of Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) in treating decompression sickness (DCS) in a mixed-gender swine model.
    • To assess the impact of PFC treatment on survival rates and spinal cord injury during recompression therapy.

    Main Methods:

    • 104 swine (51 male, 53 female) were randomized to receive normal saline solution (NSS) or PFC emulsion treatment.
    • Animals were subjected to hyperbaric conditions simulating DCS, followed by oxygen and treatment (PFC or NSS).
    • Surviving animals underwent standard Navy Treatment Table 6 recompression therapy and were assessed for survival and adverse effects.

    Main Results:

    • Overall survival rates were not significantly different between NSS (74.04%) and PFC (66.67%) groups.
    • All swine receiving recompression therapy survived, with no observed seizures in either group.
    • Within the PFC group, female swine survival (51.85%) was significantly lower than males (81.48%), unlike the NSS group where survival was similar between genders.

    Conclusions:

    • Perfluorocarbon (PFC) treatment did not improve mortality or spinal cord injury in this mixed-gender swine model of DCS.
    • PFC appears safe for use during recompression therapy.
    • Significant gender-based differences in DCS treatment response to PFC warrant further investigation.