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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Lifestyle Modification on Metabolic Control in Overweight

Angela Shin-Yu Lien1,2, Jia-Ling Tsai1,3, Jian-Tao Lee1

  • 1School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : Ecam
|December 14, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Lifestyle modification programs significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in overweight children. This intervention shows promise for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus in pediatric populations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Early intervention is crucial for managing metabolic health in overweight children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of lifestyle modification programs in reducing fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels among overweight children.
  • To assess the impact on secondary outcomes such as BMI z-score and insulin levels.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 3923 overweight/obese children.
  • Studies involved lifestyle modification interventions exceeding six months.
  • Data were extracted from six electronic databases and manual searches.

Main Results:

  • Lifestyle modification significantly decreased FPG levels by 1.3 mg/dL compared to control groups.
  • Significant reductions were observed in BMI z-score (0.16 units) and insulin levels (2.4 mU/L).
  • Metaregression indicated a positive association between follow-up duration and FPG, BMI, and insulin levels, suggesting six months as a suitable duration.

Conclusions:

  • Lifestyle modification programs appear effective in lowering FPG levels in overweight/obese children.
  • These programs may serve as a complementary approach for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Further high-quality RCTs with extended follow-up are recommended to confirm long-term effects.

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