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Related Concept Videos

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

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Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Advanced Compositional Analysis of Nanoparticle-polymer Composites Using Direct Fluorescence Imaging
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Nanocomposite capsules with directional, pulsed nanoparticle release.

Christiana E Udoh1, João T Cabral1, Valeria Garbin1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.

Science Advances
|December 14, 2017
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Summary

Researchers developed novel nanocomposite capsules for controlled nanoparticle delivery. These hierarchical structures enable tunable, directional release, advancing precision delivery applications in medicine and materials science.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Precise spatiotemporal delivery of nanoparticles is crucial for medicine and materials science.
  • Polymeric capsule performance depends on shape, porosity, and microstructure.
  • Microfluidics offer a platform for capsule formation, but robust nanocomposite fabrication with triggered release is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop facile and robust approaches for fabricating nanocomposite capsules with triggered nanoparticle release.
  • To investigate the morphology diagram of polyelectrolyte and silica nanoparticle systems.
  • To characterize the dissolution behavior and release profiles of the fabricated capsules.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microfluidics for emulsification and capsule formation.
  • Investigated a model system of sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) and 22-nm colloidal silica.
  • Analyzed capsule morphology, internal microstructures, and external shapes.
  • Studied capsule dissolution in water and nanoparticle release dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a robust capsule morphology diagram with tunable internal structures (nucleated, bicontinuous) and external shapes (isotropic, non-isotropic).
  • Observed rapid, isotropic dissolution of neat polymer or nanoparticle capsules.
  • Showcased directional, pulsed release of nanoparticle clusters from bicontinuous, hierarchical composite capsules without scaffold disruption.
  • Achieved tunable dissolution time scales from seconds to hours.

Conclusions:

  • Developed versatile nanocomposite capsules with tunable morphology and controlled release properties.
  • Hierarchical, bicontinuous composite capsules enable precision nanoparticle delivery via directional pulses.
  • These capsules show significant promise for advanced applications in precision delivery systems.