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Related Concept Videos

Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
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Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

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Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
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Chest Physiotherapy01:24

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Chest Physiotherapy (CPT) is a therapeutic technique used in respiratory care to improve ventilation, clear bronchial secretions, and enhance the efficiency of respiratory muscles. This therapy includes three primary procedures: postural drainage, percussion, and vibration. It can be performed on spontaneously breathing patients and those who are intubated and mechanically ventilated.
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Flail Chest-I01:24

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Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Endoscopic Septoplasty with Limited Two-line Resection: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Septal Deviation
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Postrhinoplasty fibrotic syndrome.

R P Gruber1,2, M G Galvez3, D D Ulvila4

  • 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ronaldpgruber@gmail.com.

HNO
|December 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Post-rhinoplasty fibrotic syndrome can worsen nasal tip appearance after multiple surgeries. Smaller revision surgeries and considering augmentation over reduction may help avoid this irreversible condition.

Keywords:
ComplicationsFibrosisRevision surgeryRhinoplastySecondary surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Anecdotal reports suggest nasal tip enlargement and loss of definition after rhinoplasty.
  • Revision surgeries can worsen these outcomes, leading to larger, less defined nasal tips.
  • These results can be worse than the pre-operative condition and difficult to correct.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate six patients with aggravated post-rhinoplasty results after revisionary surgeries.
  • To identify common causes and circumstances leading to worsening nasal tip aesthetics.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of six patients with post-rhinoplasty complications.
  • Analysis of surgical history, post-operative edema, and intraoperative findings of fibrous tissue.

Main Results:

  • All patients experienced worsening nasal tip results (enlargement/loss of definition) with subsequent procedures.
  • Substantial post-operative edema was observed in multiple surgeries for all patients.
  • Extensive subcutaneous fibrous tissue was noted during revisionary procedures.

Conclusions:

  • The condition is termed post-rhinoplasty fibrotic syndrome.
  • Revision surgery should be smaller in scale than the primary operation.
  • Augmentation rhinoplasty may be preferable to reduction; smaller/less invasive revisions can avoid this syndrome.