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Pollen morphology and viability in Bromeliaceae.

Everton H Souza1, Fernanda V D Souza2, Mônica L Rossi1

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Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias
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Summary

Pollen morphology and viability were studied in 18 ornamental Bromeliaceae species. Most species showed high pollen viability, crucial for breeding and conservation efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Botany
  • Plant Morphology
  • Palynology

Background:

  • Pollen morphology is vital for plant taxonomy, conservation, and breeding.
  • Pollen viability studies are essential for supporting plant breeding programs.
  • The Bromeliaceae family contains numerous species with ornamental potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pollen morphology and male fertility in 18 ornamental Bromeliaceae species.
  • To characterize pollen exine using electron microscopy.
  • To assess pollen viability through in vitro germination and histochemical tests.

Main Methods:

  • Pollen grains were acetolyzed for morphological characterization.
  • Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used for exine analysis.
  • In vitro germination and histochemical tests assessed pollen viability.

Main Results:

  • Pollen size varied among genera, with some species exhibiting large to very large pollen grains.
  • Pollen symmetry ranged from bilateral diporate (Aechmea, Ananas, P. sagenarius) to bilateral monocolpate (Al. nahoumii, Vriesea).
  • Pollen viability exceeded 70% in most species, except for Ananas sp. (40%); SM and BKM media supported optimal germination and tube growth.

Conclusions:

  • Pollen morphology aids in the identification of Bromeliaceae species.
  • High pollen viability in most species supports efficient hybrid production and conservation.
  • Understanding pollen characteristics is crucial for breeding programs within the Bromeliaceae family.