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Toxicity of long-term use of proton pump inhibitors in children

Pauline De Bruyne1, Shinya Ito2,3

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|December 15, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are increasingly used, but their toxicity risks, especially in children, are not fully understood. Studies link PPI use to infections, nutrient deficiencies, fractures, and rebound acid issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Drug safety

Background:

  • Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is rising globally.
  • The toxicity profile of PPIs, particularly in pediatric populations, requires further investigation.
  • Existing data suggest potential adverse effects associated with PPI therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the known and potential toxicity risks of proton pump inhibitors.
  • To highlight the specific concerns regarding PPI use in infants and children.
  • To inform prescribers about the current understanding of PPI-associated risks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on proton pump inhibitor use and adverse events.
  • Analysis of reported toxicities in pediatric and adult populations.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding gastrointestinal, metabolic, and skeletal effects.

Main Results:

  • PPIs are associated with increased risks of gastrointestinal and respiratory infections.
  • Potential adverse effects include vitamin B12 deficiency and hypomagnesaemia.
  • Other reported risks involve bone fractures and rebound hyperacidity upon discontinuation.

Conclusions:

  • The toxicity of proton pump inhibitors is not well-characterized, especially in children.
  • Prescribers must consider the potential risks associated with PPI use in pediatric patients.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the safety profile of PPIs in infants and children.

Keywords:
adverse eventschildrengastroesophageal refluxproton pump inhibitorssafety

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