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Updated: Feb 17, 2026
Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
Published on: December 14, 2020
Pepsin in saliva as a diagnostic biomarker in laryngopharyngeal reflux: a meta-analysis
Jing Wang1, Yu Zhao2, Jianjun Ren1
1Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Objective:
Pepsin in saliva has been proposed as a biomarker for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), but the results remain controversial. We assessed the diagnostic value of pepsin in saliva for LPR.
Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies in English that evaluated the utility of pepsin in saliva in the diagnosis of LPR, published up to 15 March 2017. We used Stata 12.0 to summarize the diagnostic indexes for the meta-analysis.
Results:
Eleven eligible studies met the inclusion criteria. After the meta-analysis of included studies, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 64% [95% confidence interval (CI) 43-80%] and 68% (95% CI 55-78%), respectively; the positive (PLR) and negative (NLR) likelihood ratios were 2.0 (95% CI 1.4-2.9) and 0.54 (95% CI 0.33-0.87), respectively; the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 4 (95% CI 2-8); and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.71 (95% CI 0.67-0.75).
Conclusion:
Pepsin in saliva has moderate value in the diagnosis of LPR. The cutoff value used could affect the diagnostic value. Therefore, further investigations are required to find the optimal method to detect salivary pepsin in diagnosing LPR.
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