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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
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Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure
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Gender differences in septic intensive care unit patients.

Francesco Campanelli1, Giovanni Landoni2,3, Luca Cabrini1

  • 1Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Raffaele Scientific Institute for Research and Care, Milan, Italy.

Minerva Anestesiologica
|December 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Male gender is a significant risk factor for sepsis and septic shock in adults. This study found a higher prevalence of males in intensive care units, contrary to expectations. Further research is needed to understand gender-specific outcomes and treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Gender Studies in Medicine

Background:

  • Globally, males are more common at birth, but females predominate after age 55.
  • Male gender has been recently proposed as a risk factor for sepsis and septic shock.
  • The reasons and implications of this gender discrepancy in sepsis are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the percentage of males and females in clinical trials involving adult patients with sepsis.
  • To analyze gender distribution in large cohorts of septic patients admitted to Intensive Care Units.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 12 multicenter randomized controlled trials (5080 patients) on adult septic patients.
  • Review of 22 additional trials from high-impact journals (493,066 patients) focusing on sepsis or septic shock.
  • Data extraction on gender ratios from published studies.

Main Results:

  • Across 34 studies involving 498,146 septic adult patients, males were more prevalent (54-61%).
  • This finding contrasts with the expected female predominance in certain age groups.
  • Data on gender-specific survival rates were not available.

Conclusions:

  • Male gender is prevalent in adult sepsis patients requiring intensive care.
  • Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying causes of this prevalence.
  • Investigating gender-tailored preventive strategies and treatments for sepsis is recommended.