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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Stress: General Loading Conditions01:15

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To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
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Stress Concentrations01:24

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Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
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Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
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Predisposing Risk Factors for Stress Fractures in Collegiate Cross-Country Runners.

Kaci L Griffin1, Kathy B Knight1, Martha A Bass2

  • 1Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi; and.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|December 15, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Collegiate cross-country runners with low energy, calcium, and vitamin D intake showed higher incidences of low bone mineral density and stress fractures. Nutritional deficiencies are key risk factors for these injuries in athletes.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Stress fractures are a common injury in collegiate cross-country runners.
  • Previous history of stress fractures, nutritional status, and bone mineral density (BMD) are potential contributing factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate predisposing risk factors for stress fractures in collegiate cross-country runners.
  • To explore the association between nutritional intake, BMD, and stress fracture history.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 42 Division I collegiate cross-country runners (male and female) participated.
  • Data collection included questionnaires on lifestyle factors, a 3-day food record for nutritional assessment, and measurements of whole body, lumbar spine, and hip bone mineral densities (BMDs).
  • Statistical analysis utilized two-tailed t-tests to compare groups based on nutritional intake and BMD.

Main Results:

  • A significant percentage of runners (40% female, 35% male) reported a history of stress fractures.
  • All athletes with a history of stress fractures did not meet recommended daily energy, calcium, or vitamin D intake levels.
  • Lower lumbar spine BMD was observed in runners with inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake, and in female runners with insufficient caloric intake.
  • A notable prevalence of osteopenia (31%) and osteoporosis (4.8%) was found in the lumbar spine among the athletes studied.

Conclusions:

  • Inadequate energy, calcium, and vitamin D intake are associated with increased risk of stress fractures and reduced bone mineral density in collegiate cross-country runners.
  • Screening for nutritional deficiencies and bone health is crucial for this athletic population.
  • Longitudinal studies are warranted to further elucidate the relationship between these factors and stress fracture development.