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Related Concept Videos

Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

3.1K
Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target...
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Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
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Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
15.0K
The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

5.3K
The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
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An Automatic Lab-on-Disc System for Blood Typing.

Yaw-Jen Chang1, Yi-Hua Fan1, Shia-Chung Chen1

  • 11 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.

SLAS Technology
|December 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A novel lab-on-disc system performs eight blood-typing assays simultaneously for transfusion compatibility. This microfluidic device accurately determines blood type by analyzing red blood cell agglutination, achieving 97.5% accuracy in trials.

Keywords:
RBC agglutinationblood typinglab-on-discmanual polybrene (MP) method

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical diagnostics
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Blood transfusions require precise serological compatibility testing between donors and recipients.
  • Current blood-typing methods can be time-consuming and require specialized laboratory equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel lab-on-disc system for comprehensive blood-typing assays.
  • To enable simultaneous performance of multiple blood-typing tests, including forward typing, reverse typing, and irregular antibody screening.

Main Methods:

  • A microfluidic disc-based system was designed to conduct eight distinct blood-typing assays concurrently.
  • An automated apparatus was developed to manipulate the microfluidic disc.
  • Blood type determination was achieved by analyzing red blood cell (RBC) agglutination within microchannels.

Main Results:

  • The lab-on-disc system successfully performed forward typing, reverse typing, and irregular antibody tests.
  • Experimental validation using 40 blood samples demonstrated agreement with hospital-based testing.
  • The system achieved a high accuracy rate of 97.5% for blood type determination.

Conclusions:

  • The developed lab-on-disc system offers a simultaneous and automated approach to blood typing.
  • This technology has the potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of pre-transfusion compatibility testing.
  • The system's high accuracy suggests its clinical utility in ensuring safe blood transfusions.